Peru - Lima to the White City*

Well, the flights down were quite interesting, by which i mean highly stressful. Literally every flight (bos-dc, dc-atl, atl-lima, lima- arequipa) was delayed to the point I thought I was going to miss them while still on the other flight making sleep all but impossible, to say nothing of just relaxing on the plane. Got to Atlanta way late, convinced I had missed my Lima connection and would be spending the night in Hotlanta. THankfully, after running to the gate, it was delayed by two hours. Oh, but Ben didnt get there until about a half hour before the flight. We made it though, arriving in Lima at about 7AM. We bumbled around asking at ticket booths for prices and times of flights to Arequipa, most of which we had just missed. 1245 was the enxt, giving us two hours to sit with our bags, then check them, then sit around without our bags. Of course, by 1030 when we could check our bags, our flight was pushed back to 145. Sleepless, we decided to hit up Lima for a few hoursand maybe get some lunch and check out the fine peruvian cuisine (primarily steak, potatos and ceviche) weve been hearing about. After explicitly giving us the price into town in Nuevos Soles, our cabbie announced halfway into town that we were confused, he had said dollars, tripling the price of the overpriced cab. Utter bullshit, which I tried to just wait out silently, telling him to let us out right there or take us back. ¨I will not let you out here, too dangerous, and double price to go back to airport.¨ He was right, it was a less than desirable neighborhood. We decided to cut our losses and head into the Plaza De Armas or center of the city. We were met by a multithousand person marching anti government union demonstration, complete with molotov cocktails and stone throwing mobs, national police at the ready with teargas canisters. Streets were blocked off, and traffic was insane, it now looked like we might miss our flight we had just bought tickets for. We cut our losses and returned to the airport, to find our flight further delayed. Finally, we pile onto the plane and take our seats, only to be removed again from the airplane for another half hour delay.

Thankfully, by 300 we were winging our way over the Andes southward. The thing about flying over the Andes is that it is really like flying next to the andes, passing by and barely over the 20,000 ft peaks, with visions of cannibalistic soccer team andean plane crashes dancing in our heads. It was a spectacular flight though, over the worlds two deepèst canyons, over the Nazca desert lines, next to snow capped peaks on one side sliding down to the pacific on the other.
So at least, we arrive in Arequipa, about a half mile higher than Denver, and noticeably thinner air. They call it the white city, because the colonial buildings are all built from white ¨sillar´¨ a volcanic rock that is so soft that the walls of many buildigns are six feet thick. (this also helps the rich landownging spanish criollos, most of whom live here, defend against uprising farmers and indians). Many of the archways in the buildings (which as 16th century structures also predate the pilgrims), have signs that say ¨zona seguro de los sismos¨´ - safe place during earthquakes. NOt sure if I´m reassured or not. But it is a beautiful city, white colonial buildings framing the central plaza, where you can sit balconies sipping coffee (or coca leaf tea- no really, its good for the altitude) and watch the people on the plaza, the weddings outside the cathedral and the sunset over the snowcapped peaks beyond. Everyone seems to spend their time outside, even though nights get pretty chilly this high up and technically in the dead of winter, perhaps just the meditarannean cultural legacy is too hard to shake. The restaurants even provide blankets for chilly nights sitting outside, though I could do without the constant stream of peruvian windpipe players-amusing at first but quickly tiresome. A few other random things, like the Santa Claus who is always wandering around, every car is either a slightly-larger than bumper-car sized taxi or an enormous 1970´s Dodge Dart or Plymouth Valiant, the garbage trucks that play ¨fur elise,¨and the interesting fact that google peru can be used in Quechua, the local Incan language. Reminds me more of continental Spain than my trips to central america have, perhaps because it is less poor, or perhaps the architecture and the thin white sunlight creating shadows on the buildings. Also has a bit of a moroccan feel with rooftop terraces and small back alleyways, not surprising given the intertwined history of all the countries. Not at all bad and more on the food next time...

*although the guidebooks say its the white city because of the white Sillar stone, an incan-mestizo guy said it was because its where all the white people live

Books April/May

A Path With Heart: Jack Kornfield
Sort of memoir about Jack Kornfield’s time as a monk in Burma and Thailand, sort of just a basic book about contemporary Buddhism and practicing mindfulness. If you have any interest in this sort of stuff, I highly recommend this book, or anything by Jack Kornfield for that matter.

Pimp: Iceberg Slim
Man would I have thought this book was the coolest back in high school! Still, glad I read it, though it was a bit incongruous to read on chicken buses in El Salvador. It really is a modern classic, though highly disturbing. The account of a genius (literally) pimp working the Midwest in the 1940’s. Pulls absolutely no punches, frequently nauseating but at the same time offers an extraordinary glimpse into inter and intra-racial politics and sexual politics of the time, as well as a striking portrait of street and prison life in African American America. The redemption ending felt a bit abrupt, but still worked. Also was amazed at how influential this book was in terms of culture, pieces of it reflected in literature, film and music even today. Recommended if you are in high school, or find exploitation books and movies interesting.

Platform: Michel Houlebecq
A great satire of western decadence and repression, and the exploitation and offers of the developing world. A somewhat repressed man becomes more sexually liberated following his vacation to Thailand, and he and his new girlfriend work to set up essentially a neocolonial system in which the raw materials of the non-western world are essentially sex. Funny and thought provoking, as well as prescient about the reactions of these cultures to our attitudes. Also had some great sex scenes, in spite of the fact that it was ostensibly mocking them at the same time, a la Bret Easton Ellis. A very good novel, recommended.

Guests of the Ayatollah – Mark Bowden
More blow by blow action than a geopolitical analysis of an international political crisis (the Iranian hostage crisis). Bowden gives a decent amount of context to the situation, but not as much as I would have liked. Still, I learned a lot about the history of Iranian-US relations, the Iranian revolution and their nation’s culture and government. Overall an entertaining and informative read about the Iranian revolution and the hostage crisis from 1979-81. I did take issue with the last chapter that felt like an attempt to varnish the whole thing with a weirdly patriotic bent. If youre really interested in the topic, there is probably a better book, but this kept my interest up.

Imperial Life In The Emerald City: Rajiv Chandrasekaran
We hear all the time about the problems in Iraq, but this book really explains how the stage was set for the specific problems that Iraqi and Americans now face there. Analyzing attitudes and policies, the book lays out the failures of planning not just in a military sense. The economic policy that attempted to privatize a socialist economy in 30 days (cf: soviet bloc), institutions like education and health care that were given no funding and inept leadership. De-Baathification policies that dismantled an imperfect municipal and ministerial beurocracies but replaced them with nothing. Idiotic decisions like paying people with debit cards in a country with no ATMS and blackouts half the day. Halliburton serving friend chicken for black history month while making Muslim workers carry boxes of bacon into the cafeteria. Contractors using weapons banned by Geneva conventions. Politically terrifying was the pentagon’s installation of loyalists in key CPA jobs over experts, literally conducting background checks and asking potential workers their political preferences, voting histories and party donations. Nicely complements Babylon By Bus with some more depth than that book provides. Read if youre interested in the topic, one of the best ooks on Iraq yet.

Inside The Jihad: Omar Nasiri
The memoir of a Moroccan who worked as a spy for French and British intelligence in the Algerian and later global jihadist movements. Tracing his time with radicals in Belgium and Algeria to the camps of Afghanistan, the books was certainly gripping, but also showed through narrative what a lot of the movement is like from the inside. Some disturbing revelations also- that links between Saddam Hussein and Al Qaeda were intentionally falsely confessed to drag the US into an unwinnable war, and other revelations about the extremely high level of organization and sophistication of many of the movements leaders. At the same time, enormous levels of factionalism within the movement, slowing it down and also accurately presaging contemporary Sunni/Shiite conflicts as well as civil conflicts within the Palestinian territories and Lebanon just this month. Read if youre interested and have the time.


Reluctant Fundamentalist: Mohsin Hamid
There was something very enjoyable about this little novel, in spite of the sometimes overwritten language. I don’t know why I found it so hard to put down, the plot wasn’t particularly exciting or unique, but the character and world was just so vividly painted and the Edgar Allen Poe- like mysterious other character so compelling that I couldn’t help but like it. It also managed to be a bit self-serious without ever slipping into silliness, which if you described the plot would be hard to avoid. Essentially the story of a Pakistani who graduates at the top of his class from Princeton, works for a high powered consulting firm, and becomes disenchanted with America, his adopted home, following the responses to September 11th. Definitely recommended.

El Salvador I

From Suchitoto onward, the excitement waned a bit.

The busroad down a dirt road to the crossroads town of Alquilera was uneventful if scenic, including a few towns that were still rebuilding from the war even fifteen years later. After a few hours standing around a dusty sweltering crossroads in northern El Salvador, with no one around but venders who swarmed each passing bus like flies, I was starting to worry my bus wouldn’t come. I also got a chance to examine the tires of the ancient chicken busses rolling past, almost all of which were completely bald. Finally, a bus to the Honduran frontier came, and I crammed myself on with a few dozen farmers carrying bags of grain and feed, and the stereo blasting not Latin music but some 80’s mix that included “Ghostbusters” about three times. I got off the border stop of La Palma a few hours later, and encountered the first gringos and spoke the first English in nearly a week. We all split a hotel room and swapped tales about the ins and outs of backpacker travel on various continents. It was two Brits, one American and one Israeli, all of whom were pretty cool and I stayed with for the next few days into Honduras.

The border crossing was painless again, and the guards refused to stamp our passports, even when we asked! I was a little annoyed to discover that my companions had, um, not exactly declared everything they were traveling with, but I suppose no border agents want the extra hassle of searching bags or the extra paperwork of arresting a few foreign nationals.

The trip across Honduras was beautiful if seemingly endless, and we rolled in Copan a little before nightfall. Copan sits on the border with Guatemala, and its main claim to fame are its lovely colonial cobbled streets and some Mayan ruins about a kilometer outside of town. We even caught the red sox game at a local bar, owned by a twenty five year old American who had bought the place sight unseen about six months earlier. He had moved down to Honduras with almost no Spanish and having never even set foot in the country, he was also getting sued by about three different locals.

The trip to the ruins themselves was moderately disappointing. I suppose it’s hard for much to live up to Tikal for Mayan grandeur, and certainly Angkor Wat where I was not too long ago… Still, the wildlife of parrots and macaws was impressive, and the level of detail preserved in the ruins and hieroglyphics was far greater than any I’d seen in the Americas. I bid adios to my companions, most of whom will be traveling until autumn- Carmel the Israeli will even be in Peru and Bolivia this summer by the time I’m back there traveling!

Antigua Guatemala remains as beautiful as ever, though more gentrified than I remembered. Perhaps my perception of “touristy” has changed in the years since I was last here, or perhaps the place has changed. It can’t be that touristy though- I heard another story about the kid who got robbed twice within ten minutes in Antigua- oh yeah did I mention it was BY THE POLICE, who were basically demanding a wallet inspection/ID check of all drunk tourists (which I’d imagine made his insurance claim more difficult- he probably had to bribe the same cops that robbed him to write up a report to submit to his insurance company) Still, it was nice to be somewhere somewhat familiar, even if my hostel was terrible- dirty, loud, full of coked up Australians partying till 7am- thank god for ear plugs and note to self not to stay in hostel ever again. Oh yeah, and the bathroom door electrecuted you inless you used a flip flop as a barrier!

Had a great hike up Volcano Pacaya, which restored (somewhat) my faith in humanity after such a frustrating night. We drove through dense fog part way up the volcano to the town of San Francisco, an hourlong hike from actively flowing lava. (I cannot believe people live that close to an active volcano!!) The hike was gorgeous through foggy jungle, past farms and long since past lava flows. Just as we made it out of the jungle to an area that was entirely rock, the fog and clouds cleared, giving us a view of the jagged black volcanic rock, (some only formed in the past few weeks) that made up the rest of the volcano and our hike. We could see smoke and lava flowing from the volcano’s peak, and, well, headed toward it. We hiked another half hour across the moonlike surface (why do people describe things as moon-like? I mean, how many of us have actually been on the moon, and yet the description somehow aptly captures something…) The rock is incredibly sharp and tore up my sneakers in no time, of course, after a few minutes of hiking you could even begin to smell the rubber of your sneakers melting on the hot rock. Finally we got up close and personal with some real lava and the opportunity to toast marshmallows over lava. Taking my picture even ten feet from the stuff, it must have been about 300 degrees- it was opening an oven door except the heat doesn’t cease. A beautiful moonlit hike down, watching the sparks flying from the top of the mountain made quite a dramatic end to another great trip.

Wednesday, April 18, 2007
El Salvador I

(SUN) Today after class (i'm brushing up on my spanish) i walked to the bus stop with my teacher, who didnt want me to get lost. She wanted to take the bus to the station, but it was only about five blocks- whats the deal with these people in these countries taking public transportation to go 300 feet? I mean, its hot but... We walked though the market, which was a little sketchy, and past some brothels where I did get some kind complements on my eyes.
The town of Juayua where the feria gastronimica (food fair) that i wanted to go to is incredibly beautiful and charming. A classic coffee country of central america town, nestled between three volcanos covered in coffee fincas, blooming with white flowers, and just a small town square surrounded by some sun drenched colonial buildings and a looming white church. The fair itself was great, food stalls lining the central park, the smell of grilling meats and frying cakes and such, and tons of people- though all salvadorean tourists. (though i did see two canadians- the first nortes yet). I had me some grilled rabbit, some tacos and churros, among other gastronomic delights. I missed the bus on the way home, because i was standing in the wrong bus stop, but a santa ana bus came, and i asked but it was an excusrion of old people. They let me sit on the steps next to the open door (bear in mind this is a 30 year old school bus!!) and chatted with the old ladies about my life and about their various relatives who live in the states. Its amazing how many people have friends or relatives or have themselves lived and worked in the US. This one guy i met in the park was so proud of his time there, where he earned 5000$ building houses in las vegas and santa monica. He showed me his working papers (fake) and his social security card (real) and even complained about the taxes! Once the bus was dropping people off, I was in front so was helping all these three foot tall old women off the bus, which everyone found uproriously funny. Another word on buses, which are all ancient american schoolbuses, (painted in insane colors and decorated inside with all kinds of holy charms,) and thus VERY uncomfortable on semi-paved or cobblestoned streets, is that i read in the newspaper here that the government might start inspecting all public buses more than 20 years old. Not a bad idea.
Santa Ana itself is fine, some nice old colonial buildings, but a bit grimey overall. No tourists though, and I've already gotten to know some locals who like to chat with a norteamericano while sipping coffee in the park. Its also funny how far high school spanish can get you- even though i'm more advanced, these very down to earth people literally ask me questions like "what do you like to eat?" and "do you have any relatives?" "what sports do you like?" "what do you do for work?" I suppose this is okay, because they accent here is insane, plus they haev many different words from other latin dialects. In Nicaragua, i thought it was hard because they dropped the end of the word, here the literally drop the beginning AND the end. The trip so far feels like one of those trips you hope for- weird encounters with locals who turn out to be incredibly kind and generous, days passing without seeing another tourist, and those things I really like here. Not to mention the best food in central america and some amazing scenery.

Tuesday:

The day began as usual with purchasing my last cup of 15c coffee in the park, (yes, starbucks is literally more than ten times that) and then attempts to travel all over Santa Ana by bus to find a working ATM machine, which I FINALLY was able to do. Its amazing what a difference just having 50$ in cash makes, I feel like I can now survive until Monday if I need to. Funny how ones perception of life changes with some cash, worries evaporate, all with just 50$. Took the bus to San Salvador, which was both better and worse than I expected- basically your standard sprawling third world metropolis, with lots of fast food places and quasi-Arabic looking gang grafitti for MS13 and other infamous LA gangs that are apparently down here. But I successfully got into town, took a bus across town, and found the Suchitoto bus. I used the bathroom, which was surprisingly clean, and they gave me a ticket, they give you tickets and bits of paper constantly down here- every bus, every site every whatever. On a bus, I understand, maybe they want to check your ticket at some point, even on a five minute city bus, okay, I guess. They even do a lot of coming to collect your piece of paper on long bus rides, and then handing you a different piece of paper. But whats going on with the ticket to the bathroom, will I be in there and suddenly the bathroom inspector shows up and demands to see my ticket? I read somewhere once that all the beuracratic redundancy is a legacy of colonialism, Spanish colonialism in particular where every massive shipment of gold and treasure needed to be sealed and resealed and stamped and approved, and given triple redundant checks to keep it all safe, and that is why there is still the legacy of beuracracy. Who knows, either way, I hope I don't get caught in the bathroom without a ticket!

I got on the bus which soon filled itself to capacity, then beyond as we were pulling out of town through market stalls, weaving past women carrying impossible amounts of fruit or whatever laden baskets on their heads. The venders came through the bus, somehow squeezing past the two or three to a schoolbus seat and full aisles to sell their wares. At first it makes sense someone selling bags of water or sliced mangos, which I really wanted to buy, though was too cramped to reach my wallet (which I hoped also meant too cramped for anyone else to reach my wallet) then it gets a little weirder- shark fin pills, and people literally selling snake oil, then a guy just walking through selling dried packages of spaghetti and pasta. What next women's lingerie? YUP!

Suchitoto is an amazingly charming town, straight out of a movie. Old white colonial buildings with red brick roofs, a backdrop of jungled volcanos pocked with bomb craters and trenches, glimpses at the enormous and impossibly royal blue lake suchitoto down cobblestone alleyways. The women are wearing hand-sewn dresses, the men dressed in cowboy hats, unbuttoned shirts, boots and all seem to have mustaches- so in that case, maybe it's a little more like the west village…. But the kids are playing soccer in the cobblestoned central park, using the gate of the Moorish looking church as the goal.

My hotel is great, though its kind of eerie to be the only person staying there, and there was no one at the other hotel (too expensive) in town either. Its like an old villa with an overgrown central courtyard, complete with rusting wrought iron furniture, and low hanging mango trees that the kids throw sticks at, in spite of the fact that there are mangos all over the place on the ground. They also kept falling on my brick ceiling through the night and scaring me awake until I realized what the sound was.

Its a very liberal little corner of the country that saw much fighting. Lots of handpainted murals about farming cooperatives, for women"s and indigenous rights, against globalization and privatization. The region saw a lot of fighting during the war, and I was hoping to go take a tour of the mountain strongholds with an ex-guerilla, but he wanted more than a day's notice. Apparently you can go out and see the old guerilla camps, tunnels, trenches and field hospitals that are still in the mountains, as well as taking in some rainforest beauty and 300 foot waterfalls. Oh well, next time- Ill have to make do with just the waterfalls today. Also sat inside the church just to cool off- it was beautiful though, white sheets were blowing in the breeze, leftover from easter, and there were literally doves flying around the apse like I was in a John Woo movie or something...

March Books...

Palestine Peace Not Apartheid: Jimmy Carter
Can’t say I entirely understand all the controversy, I found the book did not blame one side or another. Who it did put a lot of blame on was power hungry politicians rather than on the people of the two sides. Surprisingly Christian in tone also, I forget that Carter is an evangelical Christian himself. I’d recommend this book highly, though I’d also like to read other perspectives on the whole issue if anyone recommends any.

Undercover Economist:
If you want to get some real life examples of how larger economic theories work, this is an excellent book that is easy and even fun to read. Starting with microeconomics and moving to macro, the book explains why coffee shops are so expensive, why lousy restaurants prevail in touristy areas, why used cars are always terrible and other economic phenomena. Great until the very end, when it got a little too pro-free trade for my opinion.

Spiral Staircase: Karen Armstrong
An interesting new genre- the “academic memoir.” Armstrong’s book started a bit dull but I cant not finish a book and so kept going with it. Armstrong, if you look at any other books I’ve reviewed, is a somewhat popular religion writer, but I didn’t realize she had had such a fascinating life. From living in a catholic convent, to pursuing a Ph. D at Oxford, to all manner of mental and physical illness in between she tells a wonderful story about finding a place for spirituality in her life. Her study of the world religions brought her closer to the divine than all the practice ever good, and I felt like I really began to understand on a deeper level what religion meant, how it operates in cultures, and how it intersects and departs from dogma.

February Books...

Babylon By Bus:
The true story of two college dropout hipsters who invented the “Yankees Suck” T-Shirt, making a small fortune in the process, decide to travel the world, making increasingly extreme travel adventures until ultimately traveling by bus from Amman Jordan to Baghdad Iraq, where they land jobs coordinating NGO’s for the Coalition Provisional Authority in the middle of the Iraq War. I was expecting outrageously tales of warzone hijinks, surreal experiences, and lots of heavy drug use which I got- what I didn’t expect was such a coherently written book that also strongly analyzed the current situation in Iraq. Jeff and Ray do have crazy adventures, but also detail the massive blunders and shortsightedness that had lead to the ever declining quagmire in Iraq, but do it without oversimplified anti-war rhetoric. Great as an adventure story, great as a warzone tale, and incisive and educational about many of the reasons why things have gotten so bad, this one I’d recommend on all counts- except for the kind of crappy writing.

The Ruins: Scott
Great travel horror novel by the author of A Simple Plan. Recommended beach or airplane reading.

The Places In Between: Rory Stewart
A much more interesting, funny, and well written book about Afghanistan than the kite runner. Written by a british historian who literally walked across the country after the fall of the Taliban. Amazing dry wit, astute cultural observations and keen political understanding.

Off The Books- The Underground Economy of the Urban Poor- Sudhir Venkatesh
Somewhat reminiscient of “nickel and dimed” about the working poor, but really tackles race and gender as well as class in an academic (but accessible) sociological/economic study of one neighborhood on the south side of Chicago. This is also the writer cited in “freakonimics,” which I really enjoyed. Its about the off-the-books work that people who are unemployable by the mainstream do- some of which is drug dealing and prostituion, but much of which is informal off the books, childcare, counseling, and other entrepreneurial jobs in order to make ends meet. Also explains the symbiotic roles of community leaders from pastors to gang leaders, and why neither are entirely what they seem. The only problem issue is making sure that it is read and thought over carefully to understand nuances and lack of choices available to people outside of white middle class America, because it could almost just as easily perpetuate negative stereotypes about people in the inner city.

Islam: Karen Armstrong
The origins and early history were fascinating, and then it really started to slow down in the middle. The last part picked up steam again as it discussed Islam’s struggle to move into modernity, and explained the historical forces that push to move the religion forwards and backwards.

January Books...

The Coma:
Alex Garland has written some great stuff, but this experimental novel really never took off for me. A great idea- a nonlinear narrative of consciousness in a coma, but it ended up feeling like it was trying too hard to be something it wasn’t. The book also took about an hour to read, which was a little disappointing as well.

Social Intelligence:
This is the best semi-popular book on psychology I’ve read in a long time. Sometimes it seems like I just read basically the same book about psychology over and over again, that cite all the same studies and research, but this really pulled them all together well. Although it references all the studies and researchers I already find interesting: Ekman, (4 horsemen guy), Baron-Cohen (Simon, not Sascha), and others, it distills them efficiently and makes useful and meaningful connections and offers applications to them all.

The Kite Runner: Khaleed Hosseini
Book as movie
I have very mixed feelings about this novel, the tale of an Afghan refugee who grows up in America, and his childhood friendship with a servant boy. Clearly, the book’s intention is to educate westerners about Afghan culture and recent Afghan history by telling a story filled with details that illustrate the rich culture and heartbreaking history of a nation. (Though I can’t help but wonder if another, political, agenda, to justify the war there- perhaps the author’s intent, perhaps the book was usurped in this way.) In the details, the book succeeds- by pulling no punches and including wonderful small written illustrations of life in Afghanistan over the past forty years, I walked away feeling like I understood much better. But the story taken by itself, was almost laughably absurd in its Hollywood-like plot, right down to the three-act structure and everything from the beginning coming perfectly full circle to the nauseatingly sweet and manipulative ending. It was like the writer went to a screenwriting workshop and then wrote a novel- is this what the novel has come to, an early draft of a Hollywood movie? The completely Western narrative structure superimposed on another culture ultimately felt forced, detracting and distracting the reader from what was recommendable about this book, which did make for an educational and quick read. I may spoil the end a bit here so stop reading if you plan to read the book but come on: He now has to fight his childhood enemy to the death forty years later? And I was thinking the moment the character was introduced If this guy comes back forty years later as the bad Taliban guy, I’m gonna throw up. Well, he did. Basically, this is a crappy epic movie in books form.

From a cultural standpoint of trauma, I also questioned the book. The boy is traumatized by the relationship with Assef- no doubt, but his trauma reaction is completely western- suicide attempts, silnce, etc. I’m not sure if the sequilae of trauma really unfold this way in a culture where child abuse/buggery is more integrated into /endemic to the culture. That’s not to defend the behavior with a kind of cultural relativism, just that I don’t think you can put an American trauma reaction on an afghan situation.

All the Books: 2006

Dharma Punx – Noah Levine
Although the writing was not great, the story of Noah Levine’s memoir of inner and outer journeys from juvenile hall misery to Buddhist dharma teacher was hard as hell to put down. Levine managed to stitch a series of vignettes into a larger story that did have some real power, and I’m sure having a famous and well-published father didn’t hurt. His writing about the turn toward spirituality, and frank descriptions of self and spiritual doubt were as good reads as the more dramatic tales of punk rock life and pilgrimages across Asia.

Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close – Jonathon Safran-Foer
I was surprised at how much I enjoyed this novel told from the perspective of a quirky and gifted Manhattan boy after finding “Everything is Illuminated” a bit over-hyped and disappointing. Like the “Dog in the Night-Time” book, EL&IC managed to skirt the perils of sentimentality in spite of its potentially precious sounding premise- a precocious boy on a quest to learn more about his father who died in the World Trade Center on 9/11. Fun, funny, poignant and engaging, definitely one of my favorites this year.

Our Inner Ape – Franz De Waal
As a psychologist I found this book by a primate anthropologist who studies Bonobo apes absolutely fascinating. While the chimpanzee is often cited as humanity’s closest cousin, the Bonobo ape is often overlooked as a human cousin. An animal with a very real culture, ability to see the future, feel empathy, express language and other attributes we think of as exclusively human, (not to mention the sex orgies) the book holds up a mirror to humans and provokes some very interesting questions about human social behavior and our biological capacity for kindness and generosity. I found this helpful for thinking about psychology as well as questioning what it is that defines us as uniquely human.


The Wisdom of Crowds – James Surowiecki
I always enjoy Surowiecki’s business page piece in The New Yorker, he makes seemingly dull, dry topics on the cutting edge of the business world accessible and interesting by drawing from psychology and the wider culture. The Wisdom of Crowds however, was taking one idea and really stretching it out far- farther than might have been necessary. Although an interesting thesis about how decisions are made, what makes a good decision and when and how “groupthink” can be a positive or negative, and some thought-provoking psychological and economic studies kept me interested, it ultimately felt stretched a little bit thin. The accounts of group analysis predicting more accurately than individual “experts” about everything from sports to elections to terrorist attacks were particularly interesting, as was the part about the science behind the universal experience of why committees and group projects are so inefficient.

The Dhammapada – Words of the Buddha
This is a phenomenal spiritual text and a great psychological theory and practice. A surprisingly pragmatic approach to life that is as good and relevant now as it was 2500 years ago.

The Tao Te Ching – Lao Tzu
See above. These little aphorisms are a bit more oblique and a little more ancient than the Dhammapada, but a wonderful read in the morning to check out one or two to keep in your mind for the day.

V for Vendetta – Alan Moore
Another one I wanted to be sure to read before seeing the movie. Kept me so occupied that I got a nasty sunburn while reading this one on the beach. Highly relevant to our times as terrorists/freedom fighters fight against a police state/protective government. This was a point that the movie version made a lot more heavy handedly than the book.

One Breath at a Time – Kevin Griffin
I’ve encountered some people who find that this book strays a little too far from the orthodoxy of original Buddhism, but I found this book’s attempt to bridge 12-step recovery and Buddhist principles effective and useful. This is certainly not the first book of its kind, there are four or five others, all of which are recommendable. Griffin structured this one a little differently as a narrative memoir of addiction and recovery that serves as the basic structure. From there he builds his points about the twelve steps and their points of convergence and departure from the Buddhist dharma. This sometimes made for a somewhat stilted presentation, I’d get into the narrative and it would break for exposition or vice-versa, but overall I’d highly recommend this book for anyone interested in addiction, recovery, Buddhism or psychology.

The Quiet American – Graham Greene
This was the first book I read after getting tickets to travel to Vietnam for the summer. The novel, set in 1950’s Vietnam as the French struggle to hold their colonies and the Americans begin to take an interest, is at its most basic level a classic love triangle story. On another, it works as a metaphor for the decline of European empires and the rise of America’s global influence in the Cold War era as two men jockey for the affections of a young Vietnamese woman. The extended metaphor is hardly one-to-one, allowing for nuance in understanding and the beautifully written prose captures the ending era of French colonial Saigon. The plot itself was both moving and gripping, while ultimately quite dark in tone and outlook. A definite read.

In Search of Captain Zero – Allan Weissbecker
A great idea for a book- part surfing memoir, part crazy adventure journey driving south into Central America in search of an old friend, Weisbecker has a great story on his hands but nearly ruins it with his intolerably overwritten prose style. Only true devotees or surfing or adventure travel writing will be able to appreciate the great story buried beneath the language.

The Places That Scare You – Pema Chodron
What can I say, Chodron writes wonderful books that explain the practical application ancient Buddhist (usually Tibetan) practices, for use in everyday human interpersonal or other situations in contemporary times. The Places That Scare You is no exception, though it is far more practice oriented than theoretical or descriptive of concepts as some of her other books are. She delves right into the how-to and why-to of Metta, Maitri and other ancient Tibetan practices that heal both the individual and those around them. Highly recommended.

Bangkok 8 – John Burdett
Bangkok Tattoo – John Burdett
Two great mystery page-turners about Sonchai Jitlecheep a former Buddhist monk turned police detective in contemporary Bangkok. Son of a GI and prostitute, Jitlecheep bombs around the underbelly of Bangkok, investigating murders, corruption and the standard noir novel fare, like a Bangkok Confidential The backdrop includes international criminal syndicates, illegal Burmese Jade/methamphetamine triangle trade, stolen cars and corrupt cops, cheap sex change operations, the local and global sex trades, gender roles, Malaysian terrorists, Buddhism, the Yakuza, and the Vietnam War. Raises the age old question of whether its worse for your Karma to sell and prostitute your mind or your body. Burdett, a British ex-pat, has lived in Southeast Asia for years and has extensively researched the subjects he covers while deftly weaving them into page-turning mysteries. Highly recommended, especially for 23-hour airplane rides to Bangkok.

Don’t Know Much About Mythology – Kenneth Davis
I was a little disappointed in the dryness of the material here, given what a potentially rich subject this is. Maybe it was because I listened to this during rush-hour commutes rather than reading it for pleasure. Still, a decent overview that includes early history of humankind as well as the evolution our myths across time and place.

Will In The World – Stephen Greenblatt
Somewhat disappointing after all that I’d heard and the brilliant basic concept. (Again maybe because I mostly listened and didn’t fully read this one.) A popular history book, Greenblatt offers a biography of William Shakespeare that is told partly through the way events in his personal life, or historical events during his lifetime may have shaped the plays and poems that he penned. Gives wonderful context for the plays that helps to explain what they meant at the time and what they mean now. Definitely recommended for armchair historians and Shakespeare buffs.

Unchained Memories – Lenore Terr MD
The writing in the book was schlocky to the point of ridiculousness, but Lenore Terr does know what she’s talking about when it comes to trauma. Even though the case studies/vignettes were written in the style of a cheap thriller, or “unsolved mysteries” voiceover, they were compelling nonetheless. Terr, a forensic psychiatrist most well known for “Too Scared to Cry” and other research on Chowchilla trauma victims, recounts seven cases she consulted on about recovered memories. These were of horrible trauma, abuse, witnesses to crimes, secondary trauma and the ways and whys that trauma is repressed in conscious memory and is expressed in unconscious ways. A worthwhile read for those with little knowledge of trauma, though maybe a bit sensationalist and simple for psychologists to read.

The Sorrow of War – Bao Ninh
The novel/memoir describes the Vietnam War from the viewpoint of a young soldier in the north, resulting in a sort of Vietnamese “The Things They Carried.” It was banned for years in Vietnam, partly because it so fiercely questioned the point and pursuit of the war, harshly criticizing atrocities committed on all sides. The book was far more of a reflection of the American genre of Vietnam fiction than one would expect. Like the tropes of the American narrative the soldiers drank and drugged to excess, raped and pillaged, hated themselves, lost their innocence and cultivated their cynicism with the propaganda of army and government. Unfortunately, my taste for the sentimental and romantic is limited, and the love story was so treacly to my western taste that I found it cloying, though this is not unusual in the Asian literary tradition. Definitely a worthwhile read for anyone interested in recent American history and the Vietnam War. Particularly fun to read the scenes about escaping from a train while its being bombed while on that very train in Vietnam of course!

The Honourable Schoolboy – John LeCarre
I’m a big LeCarre fan, though have mostly read his more recent books and not so much his early cold-war era books like The Honourable Schoolboy. This was another that was particularly fun to read while traveling around Southeast Asia, where much of the book takes place- hard to believe the vivid descriptions of Phnom Penh under siege as I sat in a Phnom Penh café reading thirty years later. The descriptions of Laos also captured the recent history and wild-west feel of the place that continues today. As for the content of the book, it was a typically well-researched and informed blending of historical events and places with complex psychological characters and an even more complex plot. I’ve noticed in the evolution of his writing that LeCarre’s plots have become somewhat more straightforward and his characters more complex over time, the opposite of his early novels, which felt more plot driven. Amazing to remember how enormously the cold war once loomed and played out across the globe, profoundly shaping (an ending) the lives of millions, and then suddenly over.

Shogun – James Clavell
Again, reading in Tokyo made the book all the more enjoyable. While hardly literature, a bit dated and not so politically correct to the contemporary reader, the book still had great historical exposition woven through the plot. I really felt like I was learning something about world history and culture and not just enjoying a meaty page-turner.

Charlie Wilson’s War –
Nonfiction account of the American backed Mujahideen war in Afghanistan against the Soviet Red Army. Provided enough great details of real-life crazy cloak and dagger intrigue and larger than life (but real!) characters to make it read more like a spy novel than the nonfiction historical account that it was. Fascinating to understand the ways that just one weapon can change the course of history. Another definite read for anyone interested in the cold war or Afghanistan’s recent history.

Don’t Know Much About the Bible – Kenneth Davis
And it’s true, I feel completely embarrassed about my ignorance, and thankfully now less so. I enjoy listening to these types of things on my many drives, and this one was far better than the mythology one. I really felt like I got a much better sense of the bible, its historical context, the cultural and historical reasons for certain interpretations, where the book stands in the continuity of other religious texts that came before and after. I hardly feel qualified to comment much on the bible, but I do feel much better informed for engaging in debates about religion, which was my primary goal in listening to this book.

A Short History of Mythology : Karen Armstrong
This was a little disappointing after enjoying many of her other books so much, perhaps it just didn’t go into enough detail about the myths that it covered, though the connections between classical Middle Eastern / Babylonian mythology and the Bible were quite interesting. A short read, but I didn’t feel like I walked away with much more than what I had going in.

See No Evil - Robert Baer
A great follow-up read to Charlie Wilson’s War, this was another thrilling nonfiction spy account. This is Robert Baer’s memoir of his time in the CIA, from recruitment in the 1970’s through the present and provided the (very loose) basis for the movie Syriana. Baer details some of his training, the history of the agency and his time spent in Beirut, India, Russia, Kurdish Iraq and elsewhere. I did wonder a little about his political motives, which were very anti-Clinton and anti-Iran, and also wondered what the book would be like if published now in the mess that is Iraq, rather than the run-up to war. In spite of the politics toward the end, it was a great read for the first three-quarters, with amazing anecdotes about cold war era CIA escapades in all corners of the globe.

Stumbling on Happiness – Daniel Gilbert
This was kind of another in the Daniel Goleman/ Malcolm Gladwell mold of semi-popular psychology. Gilbert, a harvard psychologist, explores what makes people happy and social beings, utilizing recent studies about mirror neurons, delayed gratification, anticipation, fear/regret, and other “hip,” oft-cited and unique social psychology studies. Very informative, though not a lot of new ground for the well read or armchair psychologist.

The Anatomy of Hope – Jerome Groopman
I always enjoys Groopman’s health and medicine related articles in the New Yorker, so was moderately disappointed by his full-length book. I found the writing somewhat arrogant, though was able to ignore it and get engaged in the stories and studies that he used to illustrate the ways people cope with cancer. Definitely worth a read for anyone with an interest in health psychology as it makes accessible a number of the main principles of this subdiscipline of psychology where it intersects with medicine and bodily healing. Being an MD- an oncologist at that- Groopman wastes no time on flakey or trendy miracle cures, instead citing real science whether it gives us pretty answers or not.

The Mission Song – John LeCarre
The latest LeCarre, and like his last novel, a bit disappointing. Definitely more political and conspiratorial (and more obvious) feeling than some of his earlier books and far from his best. Better than Absolute Friends, and some good characters and early well researched exposition about African post-colonial politics, culture and history, but nothing that really stuck with me.

Holy War Inc. – Peter Bergman
A great introduction to the world of Al-Qaeda, and the ways that it uniquely utilizes technology to its advantage. This differentiates it from other anti-modern strains of Islamism (or religious / cultural fundamentalism) like the Taliban. Not a lot in here that was new to me, but I’m a bit of a nerd about this stuff. Still, an accessible and nice summary, history with some solid theories about Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda.

Little Children – Tom Perrotta
Yes, there is now a movie. I wanted to read the book first as I’ve enjoyed Tom Perotta’s other novels, which, while not heavy literature, are a pleasure to read. He’s kind of like an American Nick Hornby- writing stories about finding masculinity and relationships in one’s 20’s and 30’s while making solid observations about human weaknesses. Takes place in suburban Boston, the well-sketched story of couples struggling with children, commitments and community hysteria. Less boring than a book about the suburbs sounds. Similar to, but less nasty, than other suburban satires.

Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths – Karen Armstrong
A rich and comprehensive history of the city from pre-Judaic times through the present. Does what good history does best, remind us how situations that may intractable in the immediate future always change over time. Takes the reader through conquests and dominance by various faiths and ethnic groups, some bloody, some peaceful. Left me feeling far more hopeful about the capacity for change and peace in a place holy to so many people the world over. A strong word of caution at the end that the longest lasting rulers of the city were the most tolerant of all the city’s faiths.

A Death In Belmont – Sebastian Junger
I read this mainly because I’ll read anything by a fellow Wesleyan graduate, which is not a particularly good reason. Ostensibly about the Boston Strangler case and Junger’s strange connection to it (The strangler worked as a handyman for his family) the book does paint a nuanced picture of racial politics and American culture in the 1970’s that is the best part of what would otherwise be a ho-hum true crime book. Some of the psychology parts were also interesting, to see both how much and how little we’ve progressed in understanding psychopathy in the last thirty years, and therefore worth a read for all you forensic psychology people out there.

An Unquiet Mind – Kay Redfield Jamison
I enjoyed this book far more than I thought I would, as I’m often skeptical about the genre of the mental illness memoir. Jamison is a psychologist and researcher, who writes a clear and refreshingly understated memoir of her own lifelong struggle with bipolar disorder. This is definitely recommended to anyone seeking greater understanding about bipolar disorder and mental illness from a personal and clinical perspective.

Pledged, The Secret Life of Sororities – Alexandra Robbins
I’m really not sure what possessed me to read this, or to continue reading it once I’d started. I’ll say this, if you have preconceived notions of sorority women as overly conformist, bullying, promiscuous, superficial, alcoholic, bulimic, superficial and catty, this book isn’t about to change your mind. It was kind of just nauseatingly depressing from start to finish, and I felt like taking a shower to feel clean afterwards.

SO: This years top recommendations:

Best Novels: Quiet American, Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close
Best Page Turners: The Bangkok 8 Books
Best Memoirs: Dharma Punx, An Unquiet Mind
Best Nonfiction (Cultural/Historical): Jerusalem: Three Faiths, One City
Best Nonfiction: (Science/ Psychology): Our Inner Ape, The Anatomy Of Hope
Best Nonfiction: (Spirituality): One Breath At A Time, Dhammapada, Places That Scare You